The concept of smart manufacturing has been evolving for a decade among leading manufacturers, expert practitioners and consortia organizations like CESMII–the U.S.
Good science does not equate to workable manufacturing. This has been a longstanding truth in tissue engineering, a field that has been in limbo between academic R&D and commercialization for its entire decades-long existence.
Automating job shops is accelerating, driven by the combined influence of Industry 4.0, the continued shortage of skilled manufacturing labor and the COVID pandemic.
